MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAW ADA
(Affiliated to Krishna University, Machilipatnam)
SYLLABUS
Subject: Biotechnology Semester: III
Course Title: Biophysical Technique Course Code: BIOTECCO49
No. of hours: 52 Credits: 4
Course objectives
·
To demonstrate the concept, principle, instrumentation of Biophysical techniques.
·
To analyze the applications and laws of core biophysical
techniques.
At the end of the course the student will be able to-
CO1: Demonstrate the laws, principles, instrumentation and applications of spectrophotometry and derive the Beer’s law apparently.
CO2: Illustrate the principal and procedure of different types of Chromatographic techniques
in detail.
CO3 : Generalize the laws, principles, instrumentation and applications of various electrophoretic techniques
CO4: Recall the knowledge of i sotopic tracer techniques; infer the principles of centrifugation and microscopy.
CO5: Explain the principle and applications of microscopy and demonstrate the p H meter
UNIT- I (10 Hrs)
Spectrophotometry
Concept of electromagnetic radiation( absorption and transmission
spectrum), Beer’ s law- derivation, principle, instrumentation and
applications of UV and visible spectrophotome try, IR, and Mass
spectrometry
Chromatography
partition
coefficient, brief account of paper chromatogr aphy, Thin layer,
column chromatography, Gel fil tration, Ion exchange chromatography,
Affinity
chromatographyand High press ure liquid chromatography( HPLC)
UNIT- III (10 Hrs)
Electrophoresis
Factors affecting electrophoretic mobility, Types of gels Procedure and applications of
paper electrophoresis, Agarose gel electrophoresis, SDS- PAGE electrophoresis.
UNIT- IV (11 Hrs)
Isotopic Tracer Technique & Centrifugation
Measurement of radioactivity: principle and advantages of ionization chamber, proportional counters, Geiger Muller counter, scintillationcounter, applications of isotopes in biotechnology and metabolic studies. Centrifugation: basic principle, types of centrifuges - clinical, high speed and ultracentrifuge- preparative and analytical centrifuge.
UNIT- V (10 Hrs)
Microscopy
and p H meter
Principle
and applications of phase contrast
microscopy, fluorescence and electron microscopy (TEM and SEM), pH meter.
1. Biophysical Chemistry – Upadhyaya & Upadhyaynath, Himalaya
Publications, 3rd edition.
2. Biophysical Techniques- Jain D Campbell
1.
Karp, G. 2010. Cell and Molecular Biology: Concepts and Experiments. 6th Edition.
JohnWiley& Sons. Inc.
2. De Robertis, E.D.P. and De Robertis, E.M.F. 2006. Cell and Molecular Biology. 8th edition.Lippincott Williams and Wilkins,Philadelphia.
3.
Cooper, G.M. and Hausman, R.E. 2009 . The
Cell: A Molecular Approach. 5th edition. ASM
Press & Sunderland, Washington, D.C.; Sinauer
Associates, MA.
4. Becker, W
.M., Kleinsmith, L.J., Hardin. J.
and Bertoni, G. P. 2009 The World
of the Cell.7 thedition. Pearson Benjamin Cummings
Publishing, San
Francisco.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS),
VIJAYAWADA - 8
(Affiliated to Krishna
University, Machilipatnam)
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject: Biotechnology Semester: III
Course Title: Practical III Course code: BIOTECCO50
No.
of hours: 26 Credits: 2
Course objectives
·
To acquire the knowledge on hands- on- training on Chromatography, TLC, Centrifuge, and Colorimeter.
·
To estimate
the Urea and sugars by analytical methods.
·
To demonstrate
gel electrophoresis and Spectrophotometer.
·
To learn the titration of strong and weak acids.
Course outcomes
At the end of the course the
student will be able to –
CO1: Analyze the given biomolecule through chromatography, TLC, Centrifuge, Colorimeter
and spectrophotometer.
CO2: Demonstrate the gel electrophoresis of proteins and Spectrophotometric analysis of DNA denaturation.
CO3: Evaluate the titration of mixture of strong and weak acid.
1. Paper chromatography of amino acids.
3.
Cellular
fractionation and separation of cell organelles using centrifuge.
4. Estimation of urea by diacetylmonoxime method.
5. Estimation of sugars by FolinWu method.
6. Preparation of standard buffers and determination of pH of solution.
7. Titration of mixture of strong and weak acid.
8. Demonstration of Gel electrophoresis of proteins.
9. Demonstration of Spectrophotometric analysis of DNA denaturation.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE ( AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAW ADA – 8
( Affiliated to Krishna University, Machilipatnam)
SYLLABUS
Subject: Biotechnology Semester: IV
Course Title: Immunology & Immunotechnology Course Code:
Total hours: 52 Credits: 4
Course Objectives
· To introduce the students to various concepts of immunology.
· To enable them to study the principles and applications of various Immunological techniques.
Çourse outcomes
At the end of the course the student will be able to-
CO1: Classify and explain the types of antigens, antibodies and their reactions.
CO2: Schematize the hypersensitivity reactions, autoimmune and immune deficiency diseases with examples.
CO3: Describe the mechanism and clinical manifestations of graft rejection and explain about clinical transplantations.
CO4: Enumerate the types of Tumor antigens and expl ain cancer induction by oncogenes.
CO5: Summarize the preparation of Vaccines and Monoclonal antibodies.
CO6: Explain the Principal and applications of various immunological techniques.
UNIT- I ( 11 Hrs)
Antibody and Antigen: Basic structure of Antibody, classes and
functions, Types of Antigens, Antigenicity ( factors affecting antigenecity). Haptens, Adjuvants.
Cytokines- Brief classification and examples. Major Histocompatability complexes – ( class I
and class II) structure and antigen processing.
UNIT- II ( 10 Hrs)
Auto immune diseases: Introduction, Cause of auto immunity, detailed account of Grave’s
disease, Rheumatoid arthritis, Multiple sclerosis, SLE Immunodeficiency diseases: AIDS,
SCID Hypersensitivity: Types of hypersensitivity
UNIT- III ( 11 Hrs)
Transplantation Immunology -
Mechanism of graft rejection, Clinical manifestations of graft rejection,
General immunosuppressive therapy - examples, Clinical
transplantations- Kidney and Bone marrow
Tumor Immunology- Definition and examples of Malignant and Benign tumors.Cancer
induction by oncogenes.Tumor antigens- TSTA’s, TATA’s, Onco fetal
tumor antigens.
UNIT- IV ( 10 Hrs)
Vaccines& Vaccination–
Recombinant vaccines, DNA vaccines, sub unit vaccines. Passive and active immunization
Production and applications of monoclonal antibodies
Antigen- antibody reactions: basic concept of Agglutination & precipitation reactions.
UNIT- V ( 10 Hrs)
Immunotechnology
Immuno diffusion- Principle and applications
Immuno electrophoresis- Principle and applications Immune blotting- Principle and applications
ELISA- Principle, Types and applications. FAACS
Prescribed Textbooks
1. Medical Microbiology by Ananthanarayan , 7th edition, Orient longman private limited..
2. Essentials of Immunology by I.Roitt, 13 th edition, Wiley publications.
3. Immunology by Ian R.Tizard, Saunders College Publishing, 1995
Reference Textbooks
1. Abbas AK, Lichtman AH, Pillai S. ( 2007). Cellular and Molecular Immunology. 6thedition Saunders Publication, Philadelphia.
2. Delves P, Martin S, Burton D, Roitt IM. ( 2006). Roitt’s Essential Immunology, 11thedition Wiley- Blackwell Scientific Publication, Oxford.
3. Goldsby RA, Kindt TJ, Osborne BA. ( 2007). Kuby’s Immunology. 6th edition
4. W.H.Freeman and Company, New York. Murphy K, Travers P,
Walport M. ( 2008). Janeway’sImmunobiology. 7th edition GarlandScience Publishers, New York. Peakman M, and Vergani D. ( 2009).Basic and
5.Clinical Immunology. 2nd edition Churchill Livingstone Publishers
6. Goering R, Dockrell H, Zuckerman M and W akelin D. ( 2007). Mims’ Medical Microbiology, 4th edition, Elsevier. .
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE ( AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAW ADA - 8
( Affiliated to Krishna Universit y, Machilipatnam)
PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject: Biotechnology Semester: IV
Course Title: Practical IV Course code:
No. of hours: 26 Credits: 2
Course objectives
· To learn various antigen- antibody reactions.
· To acquire skills on immunological techniques .
Course outcomes
At the end of the course t he student will be able to –
CO1: Experiment on antigen- antibody reactions
CO2: Analyse the Total RBC count and Total leucocytes count.
1. Pregnancy test- Strip method
2. Widal test
3. Ouchterloney immune diffusion
4. Radial immune diffusion
5. Demonstration of tridot ELISA
6. Demonstration of Immuno Electrophoresis
7. Total RBCcount.
8. Total leucocytes count
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Bioprocess technlogy & Industrial Course code: BIOTECCO31
ndustrial Fermentation
Total hours: 45 hrs Credits : 3
Course outcomes:
At the end of the course the student should be able to -
Co1: Students will schematize the design of bioprocess vessel with neat labelled diagram
Co2: Students will write about types of microbial cultures and culture production vessels.
Co3: students will demonstrate the production of biofuels.
Co4: Students will Demonstrate about production of pharmaceuticals and foods by employing microbes.
C05: Students will recognize the industrially important enzymes.
UNIT-I (11 hrs)
Introduction to bioprocess technology, types of microbial cultures- Batch, Fed batch and continuous
cultures. Design of bioprocess vessel- significance of impeller, Baffles, sparger. Types of Bioreactors- -
air lift, packed bed, Bubble column, photobioreactors & their applications in production process
UNIT-II (11 hrs)
Principles of upstream processing- media preparation, inoculum development & sterilization
Down stream processing- centrifugation, filtration of fermentation broth, ultracentrifugation, liquid
extraction, ion exchange, recovery of biological products.
UNIT-III (12 hrs)
Production of biofuels: biogas, biodiesel, bioethanol, microbial electricity, microbial insecticides,
microbial flavours, fragrances, production of antibiotic (cephalosporin), aromatic antibiotics,
anti cancer agents.
UNIT-IV (11 hrs)
production of ergot alkaloids, production of vitamin B12, microbial production of foods and
beverages(cheese, yoghurt, beer), enzymes in food and beverage industries(alpha-amylase, pectinase,
protease, glucose isomerase).
References:
1. Industrial microbiology by Casida. LE
2. A text book of industrial microbiology by CruegerW and CruegerA.
3. Industrial Microbiology by Patel AH.
4. Principles of fermentation technology by Stanbury PF, Whitaker A and Hall SJ.
5. Principles of fermentation technology by Slisbury, Whitaker and Hall.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Bioprocess technlogy & Industrial Course code: BIOTECCO33
industrial Fermentation
Total hours: 30 hrs Credits : 2
1. Production of hydrogen gas by algae/bacteria.
2. Production and analysis of ethanol.
3. Production of wine from grapes.
4. Estimation of alcohol by calorimetry method.
5. Isolation of amylase producing micro organisms from soil.
6. Isolation of antibiotic producing micro organisms from soil.
7. Assay of amylase.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Genetics & Molecular Biology Course code: BIOTECCO32 Total hours: 45 hrs Credits : 3
Course outcomes:
At the end of the course the student should be able to -
Co1: Students will infer about gene mutations.
Co2: Students will recall the postulates of Mendel laws and explain the basic concept of inheritance.
Co3: Students will describe the process of replication, transcription and translation with neat labeled diagrams.
UNIT-1 (11 hrs)
GENES AND THEIR VARIATIONS
Gene as unit of expression, Gene interaction:Epistasis,linkage,Recombination,Gene maps,Gene
mutations: Induced,spontaneous,Missense,nonsense,frame shift mutations. Repair mechanisms: photo
reactivation, base excision repair, SOS repair, mismatch repair, recombinational repair.
UNIT-2 (11 hrs)
MENDEL LAWS AND INHERITANCE
Mendel laws: Monohybrid, dihybrid, test and back cross, Multiple alleles: Skin colour of rabbit, Blood
groups- ABO, group system, sex determination in Humans and Drosophila, sex linked inheritance.
UNIT-3 (12 hrs)
DNA REPLICATION AND TRANSCRIPTION
Evidence to prove DNA as genetic material. Replication in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.Transcription-
Initiation, elongation and termination. Reverse transcription
UNIT-4 (11 hrs)
TRANSLATION
Brief introduction and characteristics of genetic code, brief structure of tRNA and ribosomes (70s and
80s). Translation: Initiation, elongation, termination. Post translational modifications.
References:
1. Principles of genetics by Gardner, E.J., Simmons, M. J, Snustad, D.P
2. Concept of Genetics by Klug, W.S., Cummings, M.R., Spencer, CA.
3. Genetics- A molecular approach by Russell, P.J.
4. Cell and molecular biology by Karp.
5. Cell and molecular biology by De Robertis, E. D. P and De Robertis, E.M.F
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Genetics & Molecular Biology Course code: BIOTECCO34 Total hours: 30 hrs Credits : 2
1. Permanent and temporary mount of mitosis.
2. Permanent and temporary mount of meiosis.
3. Mendelian deviations in dihybrid cross.
4. Identification of Barr body in Buccal epithelial cells.
5. Pedigree charts of some common characters like blood group, colour blindness.
6. Preparation of solutions for Molecular Biology experiments.
7. Isolation of chromosomal DNA from bacterial cells.
8. Isolation of plasmid DNA by alkaline lysis method.
9. Demonstration of agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Gene regulation & r-DNA technology Course code: BIOTECCO35 Total hours: 45 hrs Credits : 3
Course outcomes:
At the end of the course the student should be able to -
Co1 : Students will summarize the concept of gene regulation.
Co2: Students will discriminate the types of enzymes and vectors used in r-DNA molecule construction.
Co3: Students will demonstrate the construction of r-DNA molecule through the knowledge acquired through practical.
Co4: Students will summarize the various concepts of r-DNA technology.
Co5: Students will be employed in forensic labs through hands on training in the practicals.
UNIT-I (11 hrs)
Gene regulation
Regulation of transcription in prokaryotes - Basic idea of lac operon and trp operon. Regulation of
translation - autogenous control of r- proteins, antibiotics affecting translation.
UNIT-II (11 hrs)
Enzymes in Genetic Engineering
Basics of genetic engineering, restriction endonucleases, other enzymes of DNA manipulation,
linkers, adapters, homopolymer tailing.
UNIT-III (12 hrs)
vectors
Ideal characters of a good vector, plasmid vectors (PBR322, PUC18/19), phage vectors –lambda
replacement and insertion vectors, cosmids, phagemids, Ti-plasmid. Construction of r-DNA molecule.
Screening of r-DNA molecule.
UNIT-IV (11 hrs)
r-DNA Techniques
Construction of genomic and c-DNA library, PCR and its applications, blotting techniques (southern,
northern, western), gene transfer methods : electroporation, transfection. DNA sequencing methods
( Maxam and Gilbert method, Sanger’s method), applications of r-DNA technology.
References:
1. Genetic Engineering by R. Williams
2. Principles of gene manipulation by old and primrose
3. Genetic Engineering by B. R. Glick
4. Gene structure and expression by J. D. Howkins
5. Biotechnology by B.D. singh
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Gene regulation & r-DNA technology Course code: BIOTECCO40 Total hours: 30 hrs Credits : 2
1. Isolation of RNA from yeast cells.
2. UV absorption spectrum of nucleic acids.
3. Demonstration of transformation.
4. Restriction digestion of DNA.
5. Demonstration of replica plating technique.
6. Southern blotting.
7. Western blotting.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Plant & Animal Biotechnology Course code: BIOTECCO37 Total hours: 45 hrs Credits : 3
Course outcomes:
At the end of the course the student should be able to -
Co1: Students will write about types of plant tissue culture media and basic requirements of plant and animal tissue culture laboratory.
Co2: Students will summarize the concept of transgenic plants and animals.
Co3: Students will recognize the various transgenic animal models.
Co4 : Students will interpret the characteristics of cell lines.
Co5: Students will Demonstrate about invitro fertilization technique.
UNIT-I (11 hrs)
Introduction to tissue culture, Types of plant Tissue culture media. Basic requirements for plant tissue culture laboratory
Method of plant tissue culture
Anther culture, suspension culture
UNIT-II (11 hrs)
Micro propagation, production of haploids, protoplast culture, somatic hybridization.
Concept of transgenic plants.
BT-cotton and other plant applications.
UNIT-III (12hrs)
Types of animal tissue culture media. Basic requirements for animal tissue culture
laboratory.Characteristics of cells in culture: contact inhibition, anchorage dependence, cell-cell
communication, apoptosis, cell and tissue response to trophic factors.
Cell lines. Maintenance of cell lines in laboratory.
UNIT-IV (11 hrs)
Invitro fertilization and embryo transfer, artificial insemination. Applications of animal cloning.
Concept of transgenic animals, transgenic models for studying diseases (alzemers mouse, oncomouse , prostrate mouse, knockout mouse)
References:
1. Plant tissue culture and practice by Bhojwani, S.S and Razdan.
2. Applied and fundamental aspects of plant cell, tissue and organ culture by Reinert, J and Bajaj Y.P.S
3. Plant Biotechnology by Slater.
4. Animal cell culture and technology by Butler, M.
5. Biotechnology by B.D Singh.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFLIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Plant & Animal Biotechnology Course code: BIOTECCO42 Total hours: 30 hrs Credits : 2
1. Isolation of DNA from plant leaves.
2. Preparation of MS media for callus production.
3. Isolation of protoplast from leaf materials.
4. Induction of callus from different explants.
5. Preparation of media and culture of animal cell/tissues.
6. Isolation of DNA from animal tissues.
7. Study of viability of cells.
8. Preparation of tissue extracts from animal cell culture.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFILIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Applications of Biotechnology Course code: BIOTECCO38 Total hours: 45 hrs Credits : 3
Course outcomes:
At the end of the course the student should be able to -
Co1: Students will summarize the various concepts of applications of Biotechnology.
Co2: Students will apply the knowledge of biological methods in cleaning and solving the environmental problems.
Co3: Students will describe the production of various products by employing microorganisms, plants and animals.
Co4: Students will be employed in environmental projects and industries.
C05: Students will become entrepreneurs in biofertilizer industries through practical training.
UNIT-I (11 hrs)
Primary and secondary metabolic products of micro organisms. Metabolic engineering of secondary metabolism for highest productivity. Screening , isolation and preservation of industrial micro organisms.
UNIT-II (11 hrs)
Assesment of water quality - Concept of COD, DO, BOD, Indicators of faecal pollution - MPN, MF technique for coliforms. Significance and principle of IMViC. Treatment of municipal waste water (waste water treatment).
UNIT-III (12 hrs)
Definition and concept of bio accumulation, bio magnification, biotransformation. Biodegradation of Xenobiotic and recalcitrant compounds, Biodegradable plastic. Basic account of Biofertilizers.
UNIT-IV 11hrs
Biopharming, probiotics-health benefits, enzyme immobilization and its applications. Gene therapy- applications, introduction to stem cell therapy and its applications.
References:
1. Environmental science by S.C. Santra
2. Environmental Biotechnology by Pradipta kumar Mohapatra.
3. Waste water engineering by Metcaf and Eddy.
4. Agricultural Biotechnology by S.S. purohit.
5. Environmental Microbiology by Alicia L. Ragout De spencer.
6. Introduction to Environmental Biotechnology by Milton wainwright.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFILIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Applications of Biotechnology Course code: BIOTECCO43 Total hours: 30 hrs Credits : 2
1. IMVic test.
2. Microbiological quality assurance of any of the commercially available foods.
3. Bioassay of penicillin.
4. Isolation of Azotobacter from soil.
5. Isolation of Rhizobium from root nodules.
6. Determination of fecal coliforms by MPN technique.
7. Calculation of BOD of water sample.
8. Calculation of total dissolved salts (TDS) of water sample
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFILIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Bioethics, Biosafety & IPR Course code: BIOTECCO39 Total hours: 45 hrs Credits : 3
Course outcomes:
At the end of the course the student should be able to -
Co1: Students will interpret about Indian patent law, copy rights, trademarks and designs.
Co2: Students will recall intellectual property rights.
Co3: Students will summarize the ethical issues in biotechnology.
Co4: Students will predict the biosafety and health hazards in the society.
Co5: Students will recognize the significance of GLP and GMP.
UNIT-I (11 hrs)
Introduction to Indian patent law, world trade organisation and its related intellectual property provisions, industrial property and its legal protection in research, design and development
UNIT-II (11 hrs)
Intellectual property rights. patents, trademarks, designs and their significance, protection of copy rights, designs, trademarks .patent applications
UNIT-III (11 hrs)
Bioethics- necessity of bioethics, different paradigms of bioethics- national and international, ethical issues in biotechnology
UNIT-IV (12 hrs)
Biosafety- introduction to biosafety and health hazards concerning biotechnology, introduction to concept of containment level and good laboratory practices (GLP) and good manufacturing process (GMP)
References:
1. Bioethics and Biosafety by Sateesh MK.
2. Bioethics and Biosafety in Biotechnology by Sree Krishna.
3. Patterns of Entrepreneurship by Jack M. Kaplan
4. Entrepreneurship and small business management by C. B. Gupta, S. S Khanka.
MARIS STELLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), VIJAYAWADA
AFFILIATED TO KRISHNA UNIVERSITY
III B.SC PRACTICAL SYLLABUS
Subject : Biotechnology Semester : V Title of the course: Bioethics, Biosafety & IPR Course code: BIOTECCO44 Total hours: 30 hrs Credits : 2
1. Proxy filing of Indian product patent.
2. Proxy filing of Indian process patent.
3. Case study on handling and disposal of radioactive waste.
4. Sterility testing of injectables.
5. Determination of COD.
6. Testing of chlorine demand of water.
7. Microbiological quality assurance of any of the commercially available foods.
8. Isolation and analysis of DNA from minimal available biological samples.
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